Zanthoxylum pistacifolium Griseb is an endemic plant that grows in the forests and hills of the south-Eastern cost of Cuba. In the reviewed bibliography none report regarding to the chemical composition, ethnobotanic and/or pharmacological information was find out. That is why the intention of this experimental work was to extract and to identify the volatile components of leaves collected in the locality of "el Palenque", Siboney beach, Santiago de Cuba. The hydrodistillation-cohobation extraction method in three different mediums: neutral, acid and basic was used, while Gas Chromatography coupled to a Mass Spectrometry was considered for the chemical separation and characterization of the volatile compounds extracted.The acid and basic mediums increases the extraction yield but attempts against the structural integrity of the volatile compounds, that is why the conventional method was selected as the most effective. In neutral medium, 82 compounds (97,76 % of the total extracted) were identified, most of them belonging to terpene type. The main compounds isolated were a-Pinene (12,35 %), Linalool (6,68 %), (4E,6Z)-2,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-Octatriene (6,50 %), Limonene (6,19 %) and Phytol (6,06 %).

El Zanthoxylum pistacifolium Griseb, es una planta endémica de Cuba, que crece en los montes y montañas cercanas a la costa sur-oriental. En la bibliografía consultada no se hallaron reportes ni de su composición química ni de su uso etnobotánico y/o farmacológico. Por ello en este trabajo se desarrolló la extracción e identificación de los compuestos volátiles de las hojas (colectadas en la localidad del Palenque, playa Siboney, Santiago de Cuba), empleando el método de extracción por hidrodestilación-cohobación en tres medios diferentes: neutro, ácido y básico. La identificación de los componentes químicos se realizó empleando la Cromatografía Gaseosa acoplada a la Espectrometría de Masas. Los medios ácido y básico, a pesar de aumentar el rendimiento extractivo, condujeron a la modificación estructural de los compuestos volátiles, por lo que la extracción en medio neutro resultó la más útil. Un total de 82 compuestos fueron identificados en el medio neutro (97,76 % del total extraído) con predominio de derivados terpenoides, resultando como compuestos mayoritarios el a-Pineno (12,35 %), Linalol (6,68 %), 2,6-dimetil-2,4,6-Octatrieno (6,50 %), Limoneno (6,19 %) y Fitol (6,06 %).

From an ethanolic extract of Croton linearis Jacq. leaves were isolated and identified a total of 7 compounds: two long chain alcohols: 2-methyl-tretradecan-2-ol (1) y el hexacosanol (3); a linear saturated hydrocarbon: tetracosane (2); three fatty acids: stearic (4), 5,8-dien-tetradecanoic (6) and oleic acid (7); as well as a tri-methoxylated flavone: 5-hydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (5). Structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 1D and 2D (¹H and 13C), as well as Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Kovats retention indexes when necessary. The substituent positions were assigned based on combination of heteronuclear HMBC and HMQC as well as homonuclear ¹H-¹H-COSY experiments. All identified compounds constitute a first report for the specie in study.

A partir de un extracto etanólico de las hojas de Croton linearis Jacq. se aislaron e identificaron un total de siete compuestos: dos alcoholes de cadena larga: 2-metil-tretradecan-2-ol (1) y el hexacosanol (3); un alcano lineal saturado: tetracosano (2); tres ácidos grasos: ácido esteárico (4), ácido 5,8-dien-tetradecanóico (6) y ácido oléico (7); así como una flavona trimetoxilada: 5-hidroxi-3,7,4'-trimetoxiflavona (5). Las estructuras de los compuestos se elucidaron utilizando técnicas espectroscópicas como la Resonancia Magnética Nuclear (¹H y 13C) unidimensional y bidimensional, así como también Cromatografía Gaseosa/Espectrometría de Masas y los índices de retención de Kovats en casos necesarios. La posición de los sustituyentes se asignó por la combinación de los experimentos heteronucleares HMBC, HMQC y homonuclear ¹H-¹H COSY. Todos los compuestos identificados constituyen un primer reporte para la especie en estudio.

Chemical insecticides have been the main way to control synanthropic flies of medical and veterinary importance; however, residuals of these products have become a factor impacting on the environment, as well as the potential toxicological that they may cause damage to humans and domestic animals. Phytochemical screening carried out with the aqueous crude extract of Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn, Sapotaceae, leaves showed that coumarins, reducing sugars, flavonoids and cyanogenic glycosides were its most abundant metabolites. This study evaluated the activity of the crude aqueous extract of this plant on the post-embryonic development of Chrysomya putoria. Larvae treated with 5, 10 and 25% extract showed a decrease in the pupal period and in the newly-hatched larvae to adult period when compared to the control groups. Larvae from the 25% extract group were the lightest (45.8 mg) when compared with the control group (46.5 mg). The larval and newly-hatched larvae to adult stages were more sensitive to the leaf extract from P. sapota (5%) and the treated flies showed the low viability (47.5 and 45.5% respectively). The results demonstrated that topic treatment with P. sapota could alter C. putoriapost embryonic development.